Treatment of haze does not match between the data and the public feel, is always an important topic.
As of October 19, the average PM2.5 concentration in and around Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei fell 14.3%, above the national average of 8.5%.
But the public is intuitive, this year's heating season is yet to come, appeared October in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area two times longer, wider pollution process.
On October 22, the surging News (www.thepaper.CN) interviewed three experts, in their view, "the atmosphere ten" set three-year pollution control ideas and the right direction, Ministry of environmental protection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the China Meteorological Administration and relevant observations, analysis of data in scientific research institutes have shown that fall and winter duration in days of heavy pollution and peak concentrations are declining.
Chinese Academy of engineering, Tsinghua University, Dean said He Kebin, but decrease of pollutant concentration has not reached the public through Visual and intuitive feeling it distinguishes levels. Pollutants also needs to continue to decline, and after a period of time, people tend to feel the change.
Environment Minister Chen Jining has recently emphasized, to heavy pollution weather heating during this year as part of air pollution prevention and control a top priority, get people feeling and happiness as the starting point and the foothold of heavy pollution weather.
74 average PM2.5 concentration dropped for the second year 23.6%
He Kebin was involved in "the atmosphere ten" medium-term assessment.
He told the word news, air quality improved to two data: pollutant annual average concentration, autumn weather days and the peak concentration of heavy pollution.
From July 5, 2016 issued by the Chinese Academy of engineering, "atmospheric ten" mid-term evaluation report, since 2013, PM2.5, PM10, NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), SO2 (sulphur dioxide) and CO (carbon monoxide) annual average concentrations and the rate has been declining, and reduced the number of days of heavy pollution in most cities.
Assessment report shows that in 2015, the national PM2.5 averaged 74 major cities is 55 micrograms per cubic meter, 72 micrograms per cubic meter relative to 2013 fell 23.6%; percentage of daily average value exceeds the number of days by 2015 years 2013 in 20.8%.
2015 74 major cities there were 846 days of severe pollution and 238 days of severe pollution, 2014 and 2013 respectively, and 28.1%, 24.9% and 63.7%. In addition, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area NO2, SO2 concentrations also relative decline in 2013 9.8%, 44.9%.
This year's data and more beautiful than last year. As of October 19, the average PM2.5 concentration in and around Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei fell 14.3%, above the national average of 8.5%. Beijing 8.5%, Tianjin 7.8%, Hebei 15.7%, Shandong 8.7%, Shanxi down 2% down 13.5%, Inner Mongolia, Henan 13.3%.
However, in recent years, 9 October, especially "11" days, heating season yet to come, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas are frequent weather process of heavy pollution.
Surging Chai Fahe, a researcher at Chinese Academy of Central Branch told the news, this time in a period of change, in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will form static stability, high humidity weather conditions, very prone to the cumulative effects of pollutants.
"The weather conditions beyond their control, but through human effort, we can actually see that heavy pollution weather frequency and intensity have been significantly improved. "Chai Fahe said.
Heavy pollution emergency measures this year should be more forceful and orderly
Worth noting is that on October 11 this year experienced a heavy pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area weather during Beijing seems to "fall" to achieve the regional air quality index "peak."
From October 13 began, North most area air quality obviously improved, but pollution air mass still stranded in Beijing mountain Qian area, while by local motor vehicle pollution emissions, factors effect, and high wet weather conditions Xia nitrogen oxide, Qian body real to nitrate of two times into increased, Beijing 14th 11 o'clock to night appeared short Shi serious pollution, PM2.5 daily concentration for 242 µg each cubic metres, air quality heavy degrees pollution, is regional within pollution most heavy of city.
Surging News previously reported that apart from the process of Beijing's heavy pollution associated with zone transfers, but also has close relationships with local vehicle emission.
Many users don't understand why Beijing night when there is a short in serious pollution, "don't drive cars at night, why is the largest source of emissions of motor vehicles? "
He Kebin Dean of Chinese Academy of engineering, Tsinghua University, replied with a smile: "you don't drive at night, but there are others. After 12 o'clock diesel trucks came from the six-ring, a truck emissions emissions of nitrogen oxide equivalent to twenty or thirty cars, we often measured PM2.5 in roadside monitoring stations, 2 o'clock to 3 points is the peak. "
In support of this conclusion, He Kebin led team at roadside checkpoints while testing the PM1 and black carbon, "all point to is the same."
He Kebin said people should distinguish differences in passenger and cargo traffic, not just traffic at night to reduce this.
He also revealed that most large trucks do not fit particulate traps, the current national standards are being developed, take the appropriate measures, strengthening large trucks of nitrogen oxide emissions.
September 2013, the State Council issued "the atmosphere ten" indicated that by 2017, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional PM2.5 concentrations decreased 25%.
"A big test" approaches, but this winter's weather is not to force. And Wang zifa, a researcher at Institute of atmospheric physics said the multiple prediction models has confirmed that, under the influence of the El Niño weather this autumn and winter in North China is expected to be South, long the inversion time, static stability characteristics of weather, these features are not conducive to the spread of air, likely to cause pollution to accumulate.
On October 21, hosted by Chen Jining, Minister of environmental protection in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and control of air pollution in the surrounding area working conference pointed out that this winter and next spring is "the atmosphere ten" identified in the critical period of the task can be completed.
"Emergency measures organization heavily polluted weather conditions are very important," said He Kebin, three heavy pollution last winter weather emergency measures, assessment results effectively. But last year when it was first implemented, there are still some "off guard", "this winter should make persistent efforts, organizations gain power, ordered emergency measures." Method combined with built in United Kingdom at
"Haze of governance cannot rely on wind, essentially depends on the emission reduction"
Heavy pollution weather, Beijing residents will "wind", a lot of netizens joked "treating haze still rely on the wind".
He Kebin said that Beijing is located in the East of the Taihang mountains, South of the Yanshan mountains, southeasterly, southwesterly winds if you are not up to four or more, contaminants are pushed to the foot of the mountain where we'd be at the mountain foot maneuvers. In the process of pushing and Tangshan, Shandong, Henan, Hebei and other pollutants in Beijing pushed, obviously before the feature.
He Kebin further explained that PM2.5 is the most complex combinations of polymers, it has both primary particulate emissions, and emissions of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, VOCs and gaseous substances at a certain temperature, humidity, and light role after secondary particles generated from chemical reactions.
"If emergency measures are not taken, primary particulate emissions continue to increase, in situ accumulation of pollutants increase, while after wet chemical growth, and a large quantity of secondary particulate pollutants will cause non-linear accumulate up exponentially."
In the case of adverse weather conditions, which is convection in vertical and horizontal directions are not conducive to the diffusion of pollutants, Beijing local primary particulate and chemical reactions secondary particles, superimposed and foreign transportation of pollutants, "heavy pollution in Beijing area all of a sudden come very soon."
And Wang zifa, a researcher at Institute of atmospheric physics said, "wind has two effects, pollution can be brought in, or you can take it out. "
"Haze of governance cannot rely on wind, essentially depends on the emission reduction. "The King spontaneously, wind of atmospheric circulation, if composite wind to blow in the same region, pollutants can accumulate in one place, then if emergency measures are not taken, air quality index will" blast table "when the wind is a disservice.
He Kebin said, when has formed to weather the consequences of pollution, blow winds blow indeed to the effects of pollutants, but if you want to control heavy pollution weather all the year round, with points also should be "discharge". "When knew the weather adverse conditions to come, through early warning, put out of primary particles and secondary particulate ' raw material ' are all low emission level of control, so that the resulting pollutants less. "
At present, the "discharge" of the major project is advancing.
News from the Ministry of environmental protection that the surging this year, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to reformation of coal clean energy alternative to complete three more than more than 500,000 households, instead of about 1.5 million tons of coal, cutting major pollutants by about 40,000 tons, in downtown area of Beijing, Tianjin, Langfang, Baoding, realization of bulk coal "zeroed".
Ultra low emission thermal power plant renovation, at the end of September seven provinces (regions and municipalities) renovation completed 130 million kW, accounting for all coal-fired units the total installed capacity of 40.5%, Hebei province took the lead in fully completed tasks. Yellow tagged vehicles and old junk, have been eliminated 814,000, completing the tasks of the 68.1%.
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